Pennsylvania’s Nov. 3 election features nearly 250 races, with close contests that could shape control of the governor’s office, the General Assembly and possibly the U.S. House.

Economic concerns, low presidential approval and midterm trends are among the factors experts cited as potential signs of a Democratic wave.

At the top of the ballot, Gov. Josh Shapiro is seeking a second term against Republican state Treasurer Stacy Garrity, and he holds a wide polling lead and a major fundraising advantage.

Shapiro presents himself as a moderate who can work across party lines, while Garrity says he is focused on presidential ambitions and special interests and criticizes his record on data centers and a 2023 misconduct-related settlement involving a top adviser.

Democrats hope Shapiro’s performance will lift their other candidates; he defeated Doug Mastriano by nearly 15 points in 2022.

All 203 state House seats are contested, with Democrats holding a three-seat majority after a special election; Sabato’s rates the chamber “likely Democratic,” although both parties are targeting roughly two dozen potential flips.

Competitive House contests include open seats and races in Bucks, Allegheny, Cambria, Northampton, Chester and Delaware counties.

Democrats are also trying to take the state Senate, which Republicans have controlled continuously since 1994 and currently hold by 27 seats; Sabato’s Crystal Ball rates control a toss-up.

Republicans view Senate District 36 in Lancaster County as a strong pickup opportunity after Democrat James Malone won it by 529 votes in a 2025 special election, and are also targeting Democratic incumbents in Districts 14 and 38.

The closely watched congressional races include a District 10 rematch between Republican Scott Perry and Democrat Janelle Stelson, after Perry won by just over 1% in 2024; recent polling shows a virtual tie, and the campaigns have raised nearly $16 million.

Stelson criticizes Perry’s support for Trump administration policies, including authorizing the war in Iran and cutting Medicaid funding, as well as his role in efforts to overturn the 2020 election; Perry emphasizes reducing government waste and says Stelson is too liberal for the district.

In District 7, Republican Ryan Mackenzie is defending the seat he won by 1% in 2024 against Democrat Bob Brooks, who leads by 4 to 5 points in polls; Cook Political Report and Sabato’s rate the race as leaning Democratic.